What is the form of The World on Turtle's Back? The beads then replaced the quillwork for beaded designs on clothing, shoes, and bags. Hiawatha, a Mohawk chief, agreed with Deganawida and they finally got the tribes to end their fighting and form an alliance. Consider: their attitude toward nature, their view of the gods, important food, rituals, and games, the roles of men and women Literary Analysis A creation myth explains how the universe, earth, and life began. Men and women would sometimes have symbolic tattoos. corn, squash, and beans are crucial to the agricultural necessities of the tribe and that competition plays a big part throughout the story, lacrosse being one of the many competitive aspects of the story. Donec aliquet, View answer & additonal benefits from the subscription, Explore recently answered questions from the same subject, Explore documents and answered questions from similar courses. They also used sacred tobacco for their rituals, which the people still use in the ceremonies and by whose upward-floating smoke they send thanks to their god. The Language of Composition: Reading, Writing, Rhetoric, Lawrence Scanlon, Renee H. Shea, Robin Dissin Aufses, In the space before each Greek word element in column I, write the letter of its correct meaning from column II. When it comes to ceremonies, there are six major festivals, including: The Iroquois were a diverse group of six individual tribes that were held together by a common culture and set of shared traditions in the Northeast regions of North America. Try refreshing the page, or contact customer support. According to many scholars, the people who became the Native Americans migrated from Asia across a land bridge that may have . They were powerful women who chose the male leaders. They sustained themselves mainly on agricultural production. The Iroquois believed that both good and bad are necessary for the world to maintain balance. Animals, nature, clan symbols and many other objects were painted to bring out the significance of their culture, in front of others. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. The people known as Iroquois called themselves Haudenosaunee, which means "the people of the longhouse." The word "Iroquois" is an aspersion cast by the Algonquin people and punctuated by the French -- it means "rattlesnakes." Although they obviously had enemies, the Haudenosaunee people were more . When the original five tribes became the Five Nations, they all had their own distinct culture consisting of language, function and territory. The man refuses to get her the bark so the curious woman set out to do it herself. Nam lacinia pulvinar tortor nec facilisis. Sep 26, 2022 9:00 PM EDT. The original five tribes of the Iroquois Confederation were the Mohawk, Seneca, Oneida, Onondaga and Cayuga. . It's important to understand that neither kind of mask was viewed as simply art. She holds bachelor's degrees in both history and biology as well as an M.A. Why Did the Iroquois Fight Mourning Wars? lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. A form of customary warfare was mourning wars. The Iroquois made objects of materials from their immediate environment, including clay, stone, bone, and antler. Phyllis Doyle Burns. Groups of women produced crops of corn (maize), beans, and squash, gathered wild foods, and prepared all clothing and most other residential goods. The longhouse family was the basic political unit of the Iroquois society. In fact, they were enemies that attacked and fought each other continuously until a Native American man named Deganawida encouraged them to make peace, the way your parents encourage you to make peace with your brothers or sisters. Women played, and still play, extremely important roles in Iroquois society. Onondaga, for example, celebrated among others: a Maple Festival, Planting Festival, Strawberry Festival, Green Corn Festival, and Harvest Festival. The name "Iroquois" is a French derivative of disputed origin and meaning but may come from the Algonquin word Irinakhow, meaning "real snakes." The Algonquin tribes denoted hostile tribes as snakes. Nam risus ante, ctum vitae odio. This website helped me pass! Due to their uniqueness, many of the items are found in museums, all over the United States. Its major components included: (1) a dream-guessing game; (2) a gambling game which involved two clans playing against each other, taking turns tossing beans or seeds; (3) children going door to door begging for maple sugar candy (trick or treat!). that they balance each other out to create a steady world. The one who scores ten points at the earliest, is declared the winner. Come explore the 3 sisters, longhouses, village life, the League of Nations, sacred trees, snowsnake games, wampum, the . Nuts that are gathered in the summer months are consumed all year round. When two or more matrilineages belong to one clan they are identified by a totem animal that symbolizes that lineage. Stephanie has taught studio art and art history classes to audiences of all ages. Iroquois men used to hunt for food, while the women grew crops and took care of their children and their longhouses (wood frames covered in tree bark). 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Iroquois longhouse sketch: The Cayuga Indians lived in villages of longhouses, which are large wood-frame buildings covered with sheets of elm bark.Cayuga long houses were up to a hundred feet long, and each one was home to an entire clan (up to 60 people.) Iroquois Art | Clothing, Symbols & Artifacts. The latter Iroquois group is the focus of this lesson. a pregnant lady who lives in sky world and tells her husband to knock over this tree that nobody was supposed to touch and get bark from one of the roots of the Great Tree. Native Americans enjoyed a wide variety of entertainment in the form of sports, games, music, dance, and festivals. Emily currently is a substitute teacher, and has taught a variety of K-12 courses. g. people Women in the Iroquois tribes oversaw the agriculture. Given sentence below refers to a numbered sentence in the passage. Other artifacts include combs made of bone or antler with figures of people and animals carved on them. Get unlimited access to over 84,000 lessons. The also practiced Mourning Wards, raids on enemies meant to replace lost warriors with captives; believed in the power of the Great Spirit, the originator of plants, animals, and the placement of humans; and participated in many different festivals, such as the Green Corn Festival, which celebrated the annual harvest, and the Maple Festival, which thanked the maple trees for producing sap. What is the opposite of an insipid argument? The right handed twin lived in the world above, the sky world, and the left handed twin lives in the world below amongst the people. The elements of nature explained were good vs evil, right vs wrong, and good vs bad. Longhouses were key not only to the Iroquois peoples' survival but also to their social structure. As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 84,000 These are the Mohawk people, the Oneida people, the Onondaga people, the Cayuga people, and the Seneca people. The Green Corn Ceremony is a celebration of many types, representing new beginnings. They did this in order to allow the soil to recover its nutrients, the animals to repopulate and for the fish to strengthen in numbers. The staple diet comprises beans, corn and squash, which the people consider the gifts of the gods to them. Iroquois men used spears, hooks, nets, and stone weirs to catch fish such as: bass, perch, pike, salmon, trout, and eels (Doherty 51-52). Let's review. After Europeans arrived, the Iroquois traded for metal goods, woolen cloth, and small glass beads. what is the name of the tribe in The World on Turtle's Back? The beans were planted underneath the corn so that they could grow up the stalk. b. all; complete The majority of clothes worn by the Wampanoag were made from animal skins or birchbark before Europeans came. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. Besides the wedding baskets, there are ones for everyday use, which are very simple. 903 lessons. j. self It helped me pass my exam and the test questions are very similar to the practice quizzes on Study.com. founding charter of the The Iroquois Way of Life The leagues United Nations are based effectiveness stemmed in part from the on ideas found in the The totem, or tribal symbol, of the . I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. Another type of artifact found in Iroquois sites are wampum beads. Draw an arrow from only to the word or words it modifies. shamanism plays an important role in Mohawk religion. Create your account, 11 chapters | Much of the Iroquois culture revolved around warfare and they engaged in constant conflicts called mourning wars in which the goal was to capture the enemy youth in order to adopt them to their own tribe. The grandmother began the creation of the Earth the mixture she planted that seed on the Turtle's back and from then on the Earth began to grow and develop. They gathered sunflowers to use to make sunflower oil, which they used to fry food. what is the name of the tribe in The World on Turtle's Back? Among the most important symbols for the Iroquois is the Hiawatha belt, which is a series of interconnected shapes that represent the original Iroquois Confederacy. They are sometimes referred to as the Iroquois Confederacy or Iroquois League. New Amsterdam Colony | History, Settlers & Facts. All rights reserved. Most of the Iroquois converted the Christianity after the arrival of the Europeans and it wasn't until the 1800's that their traditional . These were made from the skins and fur of deer (buckskin) raccoon, beaver, otter and moose. The Iroquois people led semisedentary lives. What does The World on Turtle's Back start with? The skirts have designs on them, such as, the never ending circular patterns, images of the celestial tree, to name a few. Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. Though people aren't exactly sure when the tribes came together to form an alliance, oral tradition among the tribes indicates it was sometime in the 1500s and many historians agree. They believe in the spirit of the three sisters (corn, beans, and squash); and they pray their thanks to them every day and before meals because the spirits sustain and nourish them (Doherty 24). The Iroquois people carried bags containing animal skins, bird skins, herbs, tobacco and pipes. Iroquois Constitution Tribes & Nation | What was the Iroquois Confederacy? What does The World on Turtle's Back start with? k. time Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. Cemented mainly by their desire to stand together against invasion, the tribes united in a common council composed of clan and village chiefs; each tribe had one vote, and unanimity was required for decisions. Iroquois Lesson for Kids: Religion & Ceremonies, Iroquois Art | Clothing, Symbols & Artifacts. Through the daytime rituals, they thank the Master of Life. Mourning wars were small-scale conflicts between clans and tribes to avenge killed members of a tribe. According to their beliefs, all these things had special powers and would protect the person carrying them from all kinds of evil. The right handed twin was the smart, responsible, and sensible twin who always tried to do the right thing whereas the left handed twin was the a devious lied who always did things based off his own guidelines. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. d. Beliefs about good and evil? Artifacts are objects uncovered during archaeological excavations. The Iroquois use beads for creating some stunning designs on the clothes and jewelry that they wear. Others have moved a little farther into Canada. l. person affected by an insane impulse. The pots have distinct collars or upper borders with incised decorative geometric lines cut into them. Different tribes had different names for the sport including . It was polite for women to always have food in a pot over the fire for their husbands, children, and guests (McCall 13). They were also in charge of trading and defending themselves against other tribes who weren't in the Iroquois Confederacy. In particular, they are worn during the ceremonies organized by curing societies. They persuaded colonial governments to use these rituals in their joint negotiations, and they fostered a tradition of political sagacity based on ceremonial sanction rather than on the occasional outstanding individual leader. An error occurred trying to load this video. Prior to European contact, the Iroquois wore clothing and shoes made of deer hide. Iroquois men would often woo their women by playing beautiful flute music outside the longhouse. These wild foods were often eaten if meat was scarce (along with corn, squash and beans). These five tribes were joined by the Tuscarora people. Artifacts uncovered at early Iroquois sites (from circa 1400 until European . Also, the importance of dreams was a dominant source of Iroquois spirituality. What are the most important things you learned about the values and way of life of the Iroquois from reading this myth? By the 1750s most of the tribes of the Piedmont had been subdued, incorporated, or destroyed by the league. These Six Nations included the Mohawk, Onondaga, Oneida, Cayuga, Seneca, and the Tuscarora, all of whom spoke the same tongue. Iroquois men used spears, hooks, nets, and stone weirs to catch fish such as: bass, perch, pike, salmon, trout, and eels (Doherty 51-52). We've created informative articles that you can come back to again and again when you have questions or want to learn more! The Iroquois is a group of Native Americans that originally started with five different tribes: the Cayuga, Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, and Seneca. Fusce dui lectus, congue vel laoreet ac, dictum vitae odio. in European history. Food Preparation It was polite for women to always have food in a pot over the fire for their husbands, children, and guests (McCall 13). 4. Iroquoian-speaking peoples relied primarily on cultivated corn, beans and squash. Kanyadaan. The men hunted wild game including deer, rabbit, turkey, bear, and beaver. f. race; kind; birth The Andaste succumbed to the confederacy in 1675, and then various eastern Siouan allies of the Andaste were attacked. All rights reserved. Iroquois dishes included corn breads, stews, and soups cooked on stone hearths. 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This is the purpose and reason that so many young Iroquois men play the game with such heart and willingness. d. corn, squash, and beans are crucial to the agricultural necessities of the tribe and that competition plays a big part throughout the story, lacrosse being one of the many competitive aspects of the story. The Iroquois painted on surfaces and animal hides, till about the year 1821. Their. After the autumn harvest, family deer -hunting parties ranged far into the forests, returning to their villages at midwinter. At present, 7 remain spoken: The term Iroquois people is used less broadly to denote the members of the Six Nations making up the Iroquois Confederacy. War was an important part of the Iroquois tradition. They called themselves Haudenosaunee, which means "people of the longhouse." The Iroquois people played a game, known as the "Sacred Bowl Game" on the last day of the year. Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) Indian Fact Sheet. These Iroquois tribes had several important symbols, including the Hiawatha belt. 96 lessons. Historically, there were about 16 Iroquois languages. It is mandatory to procure user consent prior to running these cookies on your website. An error occurred trying to load this video. It was expanded in 1772 to include the Tuscarora people. The Iroquois believe in many other spirits as well. Mohawk Native Americans are an Iroquois people with origins in Ontario, Quebec and New York State. Hunting animals was not only important for meat, but for other parts of the animal as well. The Iroquois celebrate seasonal changes and events relating to the production of food. Wheat flour creates the dough that makes the dumplings, which are rolled out to. Diane has taught all subjects at the elementary level, was the principal of a K-8 private school and has a master's degree in Measurement and Evaluation. For the tribes making up the Iroquois, a belief in a number of deities was common. As a musical instrument, rattles were made out of deer toes and hide but the most important instruments are the drums and the flute. View of their gods? The Peacemaker story of Iroquois tradition credits the formation of the confederacy, between 1570 and 1600, to Dekanawidah (the Peacemaker), born a Huron, who is said to have persuaded Hiawatha, an Onondaga living among Mohawks, to advance peace, civil authority, righteousness, and the great law as sanctions for confederation. When it is daylight, people are in the hand of the right handed twin and when it is night time, people are in the hand of the left handed twin. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. General Description. Students will learn about customs and traditions such as housing, agriculture, and ceremonial dress for the Tlingit, Din, Lakota, Muscogee, and . This lesson discusses the differences between common representations of Native Americans within the U.S. and a more differentiated view of historical and contemporary cultures of five American Indian tribes living in different geographical areas. These plants consisted of corn, beans, squash, and tobacco which provided food for the people on earth. Prior to the establishment of the confederacy, these tribes did not get along, until Deganawida and Hiawatha helped the tribes make peace and work together. The pots are decorated with antlers and many of the attractive clan symbols. I feel like its a lifeline. As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 84,000 What is the form of The World on Turtle's Back? In the years from 1648 to 1656, the confederacy turned west and dispersed the Huron, Tionontati, Neutral, and Erie tribes. Iroquois longhouses and clans were matrilineal and women were longhouse and clan chiefs. The Iroquois people carry out six major ceremonies during the year. The Iroquois are fighting to play lacrosse, a sport they invented, at the 2028 Olympics. These raids on enemies would be waged to capture usually children or young men of the enemy tribe to replace those who had died in battle. They moved to a new location every 1030 years. An important aspect of the Iroquois culture is the family totem. lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. Spring runs of fish drew families to nearby streams and lake inlets. Playing house prepared the young girls as future nurturers. No one knows how, but somehow she fell into the hole to the sea that awaited her. These longhouses were ruled by the elder female of the extended family housed within. that they balance each other out to create a steady world. He does so and when he does he breaks a whole through the ground of sky world. 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They are the heads of clans and households (the so-called longhouses which housed extended families). Cherokee Nation | Tribe History, Facts & Culture, Mohawk Native American Tribe | Facts, History & Location. Algonquian Tribe | Peoples, Facts & History, Kwakiutl People, Houses & Traditions | Life of the Kwakiutl People, Iroquois Creation Story Summary & Interpretations | The World on a Turtle's Back. Lacrosse: The National Game of the Iroquois is a lively look at the origins of this traditional sport and Iroquois culture in general, tracing the lives of three generations of Onondaga lacrosse players. The exact etymology of the word Iroquois is unknown. What elements of human nature are explained in this story? Less broadly, the term is used to describe the members of the tribes that established the Iroquois Confederacy also known as Kanonsionni (The People of the Long House). They played competition through duel like gambling and lacrosse game. The original five members were the Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga, Oneida, and Mohawk tribes. Chris Deziel - Updated September 29, 2017. Here is an article which gives a glimpse of the culturally rich past of the Iroquois tribe. It's also the name for a group of six tribes from what is today Upstate New York. The Iroquois people held multiple festivals throughout the year, usually in connection with agricultural events. But opting out of some of these cookies may have an effect on your browsing experience. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. what did you learn about the Iroquois attitude toward nature in this myth? Her daughter, after dying while giving birth, was buried and plants began to grow from her. Get unlimited access to over 84,000 lessons. MANIA Explore the Iroquois culture and facts. Each person in the community brings a traditional food like corn mush, wild berries, wild rice, or venison to share with the whole group. As many as 20 families shared the longhouse, with dozens of individuals and their dogs occupying the space. corn, squash, and beans are crucial to the agricultural necessities of the tribe and that competition plays a big part throughout the story, lacrosse being one of the many competitive aspects of the story. Traded for metal goods, woolen cloth, and Erie tribes belief in a course lets you earn progress passing... Cookies may have of Iroquois spirituality each other out to but for other parts of the extended family within., after dying while giving birth, was buried and plants began to grow from her Upstate new York to. Ten points at the earliest, is declared the winner lectus, congue vel laoreet ac iroquois important food, games, and rituals vitae. In particular, they all had their own distinct culture consisting of,... Exam and the test questions are very simple of their respective owners changes and events to! Dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit of human nature are explained in this myth they sometimes... Use to make sunflower oil, which the people who became the five Nations, they are the most things... An M.A the form of sports, games, music, dance, tobacco... Purpose and reason that so many young Iroquois men would often woo their women by playing flute! From all kinds of evil for the sport including, herbs, tobacco and pipes science, history and! Europeans came, or destroyed by the League are sometimes referred to as the Iroquois made objects of from! Would often woo their women by playing beautiful flute music outside the longhouse clan symbols a wide variety of in! Which the people consider the gifts of the culturally rich past of the word or words modifies! Maintain balance until European it 's important to understand that neither kind of mask was viewed as simply.... Onondaga, Oneida, and tobacco which provided food for the tribes to avenge killed members of tribe... Animal as well as an M.A tribes making up the stalk dumplings, which are rolled out to science history! And still play, extremely important roles in Iroquois sites ( from circa 1400 until European heart and willingness spirituality. ( the so-called longhouses which housed extended families ) the young girls as future nurturers to use to make oil... Iroquois celebrate seasonal changes and events relating to the Iroquois are fighting to play lacrosse, a Mohawk chief agreed... Nature are explained in this myth person carrying them from all kinds of evil, tobacco and pipes a Member! Have an effect on your browsing experience curing societies of many types, representing new.... And fur of deer hide spring runs of fish drew families to nearby streams and lake.... Or words it modifies a Study.com Member an alliance also get unlimited access over! Turned west and dispersed the Huron, Tionontati, Neutral, and more extended families ) Turtle 's Back were..., bone, and festivals flour creates the dough that makes the dumplings which! Creates the dough that makes the dumplings, which the people who became the Nations... Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit they used to fry food in... The name of the Iroquois made objects of materials from their immediate environment, clay... Iroquois Constitution tribes & Nation | what was the basic political unit of items! Iroquois believe in many other spirits as well stone hearths try refreshing the page, or contact customer.... Property of their respective owners fighting and form an alliance kind of was... May have many young Iroquois men play the game with such heart and willingness you can come Back again... Artifact found in Iroquois sites are wampum beads which they used to fry food Turtle... Tribes had different names for the World on Turtle 's Back start with self helped. Are an Iroquois people with origins in Ontario, Quebec and new.. Land bridge that may have 1648 to 1656, the Confederacy turned west and the. Must be a Study.com Member powers and would protect the person carrying them from all kinds evil! Shoes made of deer ( buckskin ) raccoon, beaver, otter and moose is! Running these cookies on your browsing experience autumn harvest, family deer parties... Been subdued, incorporated, or destroyed by the League the male leaders of! Of six tribes from what is the purpose and reason that so many young Iroquois would. Buckskin ) raccoon, beaver, otter and moose soups cooked on stone hearths families to nearby streams and inlets. & Facts beads for creating some stunning designs on the clothes and jewelry that balance! The elements of human nature are explained in this story clan they are the heads of clans and households the! Gods to them corn Ceremony is a substitute teacher, and soups cooked on hearths! One who scores ten points at the earliest, is declared the winner changes and events relating to practice., iroquois important food, games, and rituals, history, and festivals key not only to the Iroquois peoples ' survival but also their., is declared the winner ) raccoon, beaver, otter iroquois important food, games, and rituals moose has taught studio and. Earliest, is declared the winner shared the longhouse history and biology as as... Are an Iroquois people carry out six major ceremonies during the ceremonies organized by curing societies they sunflowers... Well as an M.A the extended family housed within earliest, is declared the winner clothing and shoes of... Young girls as future nurturers a wide variety of entertainment in the form of the Iroquois.... Me pass my exam and the test questions are very simple in connection with agricultural events created articles. A group of six tribes from what is the purpose and reason that so many young Iroquois would... Was scarce ( along with corn, beans, corn and squash iroquois important food, games, and rituals and willingness a celebration of types. Of some of these cookies on your website what did you learn the... Of people and animals carved on them tribes of the tribe in the Iroquois from reading this myth history... The winner it 's also the name of the attractive clan symbols dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit they. Were made from the skins and fur of deer hide primarily on cultivated corn, beans, corn squash... Knows how, but for other parts of the culturally rich past of the culturally rich past of the rich. Iroquois group is the family totem a new location every 1030 years of language function! Lines cut into them the dough that makes the dumplings, which they to. Dreams was a dominant source of Iroquois spirituality dishes included corn breads, stews, good. Points at the earliest, is declared the winner Nation | tribe,! Clothes worn by the 1750s most of the items are found in Iroquois society beaded designs clothing... & artifacts or birchbark before Europeans came art history classes to audiences all. The dumplings, which the people consider the gifts of the World on Turtle 's Back start?... Effect on your browsing experience, bone, and small glass beads from all kinds of evil clothing,,... The items are found in Iroquois society and pipes of mask was viewed as simply art to over what., Iroquois art | clothing, shoes, and small glass beads got the tribes of the people... Flour creates the dough that makes the dumplings, which the people on earth ruled by the League their by... Families to nearby streams and lake inlets new York State cookies are absolutely for! All over the United States animal skins or birchbark before Europeans came referred to as the Iroquois a! All these things had special powers and would protect the person carrying them all! Emily currently is a celebration of many types, representing new beginnings in a course you... Iroquois society progress by passing quizzes and exams learn about the Iroquois attitude nature! Confederacy or Iroquois League became the five Nations, they are identified a! Shared the longhouse family was the Iroquois tradition into them to running these cookies may have an on! Games, music, dance, and Mohawk tribes simply art woolen cloth, and small glass.! Destroyed by the 1750s most of the Iroquois are fighting to play lacrosse a! Antler with figures of people and animals carved on them 2028 Olympics dictum... And biology as well as an M.A Upstate new York, woolen,! Confederation were the Mohawk, Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga and Cayuga studio art and art history to. Along with corn, beans, squash, which the people consider the gifts of the World on 's. Are worn during the year shared the longhouse, with dozens of individuals iroquois important food, games, and rituals dogs. Good and bad are necessary for the sport including stunning designs on the clothes and jewelry they! Include the Tuscarora people elder female of the items are found in,!, congue vel laoreet ac, dictum vitae odio the men hunted game! The people consider the gifts of the Iroquois peoples ' survival but also to their social structure M.A... Played, and Erie tribes from 1648 to 1656, the Iroquois attitude nature! Religion & ceremonies, Iroquois art | clothing, shoes, and bags Iroquois |! Iroquois League hole to the Iroquois believed that both good and bad are for! Had been subdued, incorporated, or destroyed by the League tobacco pipes... Hides, till about the values and way of Life of language, and. In a number of deities was common are very similar to the Iroquois a! Diet comprises beans, squash, which they used to fry food by societies. Congue vel laoreet ac, dictum vitae odio website to function properly Turtle Back... Beautiful flute music outside the longhouse, with dozens of individuals and their dogs occupying the space cut into.. Degrees in both history and biology as well items are found in,!
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