D. spermatogenesis. T/F: Females with only one X chromosome do not develop; this condition is lethal. D) chances of a woman having a child with Down syndrome decrease as she gets older. There is no such reduction in ploidy level in mitosis. e.) the spindle is or \end{aligned} Pangenesis was Charles Darwin's hypothetical mechanism for heredity, in which he proposed that each part of the body continually emitted its own type of small organic particles called gemmules that aggregated in the gonads, contributing heritable information to the gametes. The M phase is where the cell division occurs. c. fertilization a. gametes are the only haploid phase of the human life cycle A) anaphase II and anaphase Which of the following are the critical checkpoints during interphase? This results in.. the transfer of genes from one chromosome to another nonhomologous chromosome. The interphase is divided into three phases; G 1 phase, the cell grows in size and makes necessary proteins in this phase. A) Bivalents will form. During which stage of meiosis does the homologue separation occur? (b). Question 11: Upon receiving a growth signal, all of the following events occur to release the G2 checkpoint EXCEPT: - D. cyclin - CDK enters the nucleus. All of the following are true for meiosis EXCEPT *. Primary nondisjunction occurs during meiosis II when the sister chromatids fail to separate and both daughter chromosomes go in the same gamete. False The correct number of chromosomes in a species is known as euploidy. After meiosis I, each secondary spermatocyte would have 32 chromosomes. Which of the following is/are true about sexual reproduction? Describe how errors in chromosome structure occur through inversions and translocations. All of the following events occur during normal meiosis except _____. D) mitosis, If the diploid number of chromosomes for an organism is 52, what will the haploid number of chromosomes be? Meiosis produces four haploid daughter cells, includes two nuclear division and the formation of bivalents. answer choices. B ) All siblings from the same parents are identical to each other and demonstrate traits that are exactly halfway between their parents ' traits . It occurs only before Meiosis I. there is no interphase between Meiosis I and Meiosis II. usually an exchange of material between nonhomologous chromosomes. Identify which event will occur during Prophase I of meiosis but does not occur during prophase of mitosis. The cells produced at the end of meiosis contain half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. During _______________ the homologous chromosome pairs separate in a random fashion leading to genetic diversity among the offspring. Chapter 13: Meiosis Gametes - reproductive cells that have a haploid number of chromosomes o Sperm - male reproductive cell o Egg/Ovum - female reproductive cell Fertilization - the fusion of the nuclei of a sperm cell and an egg cell (haploid cells), resulting in the formation of a zygote (diploid) Meiosis - reduction division that occurs in gametes to produce cells with a haploid . Extra copies of sex chromosomes are more easily tolerated in humans than extra copies of autosomes. At pachytene they pair, the corresponding portions of . C) Meiosis produces four identical gametes, either egg or sperm. A. Interkinesis occurs after a cell finishes a nuclear division. D) 24. True or False, Interkinesis follows.during meiosis, the termrefers to the lying side by side of homologous chromosomes to form a tetrad prophase 1, all the following statements concerning activities in the female reproductive system are true except, a surge of FSH is believed to promote ovulation. A. the nucleolus can no longer be seen. Sketch a phase plane diagram, similar to Figure 11. (C) Spindle fibers are attached to the centriole. The polar body is. A) crossing-over in prophase I of meiosis Cytokinesis does not follow "endomitosis" that results in a tetraploid cell. B. offspring can vary from receiving over 99% of one parent's genes to receiving over 99% of the other parent's genes. Write the equation representing Raoult's law and express it in words. Normal female 2n offspring result without fertilization. Animal cell because they have cleavage furrow and plant cells do not. B. in the human male, sperm cells are produced in the..and are supported by the . is involved in a negative feedback relationship with the anterior pituitary and hypothalamus to regulate testosterone levels, A male accessory organ of the reproductive system that often becomes enlarged, infected, or cancerous in older men is. T/F Duplications and deletions can be detected during meiosis by the presence of extrachromosomal loops that do not pair properly with their homolog. there are breaks near the centromere with two large arm fusing and two small arms that are now without a centromere. Monosomy occurs when an individual has only one of a particular type of chromosome. Which statement is NOT true about homologues in meiosis I? D similar in shape and location of the centromere. Metaphase I - Tetrads move to the "equator" or metaphase plate - attach to spindle fibers Anaphase I - homologous chromosomes separate (keeping chromotids intact) Telophase I - events occur in the reverse order from the events in prophase Ispindle broken down two new cells are formed, chromo . They undergo "endomitosis" where one extra chromosome replication results in a tetraploid cell before meiosis begins. What change(s) from regular meiosis (in preparation for fertilization) would be required to produce this system? Which of the following statements about mitosis is not true? C. offspring inherit essentially 50% of their genes from each parent, but two sibling offspring may share with each other from zero to 23 chromosomes in common from each parent, and further variation may occur due to crossing-over. All of the following are true concerning Down Syndrome EXCEPT. c. there is no nuclear membrane to break down and rebuild B. sperm cell. While meiosis certainly evolved from mitosis itself, the former had acquired few novel steps that are distinct from the latter: pairing of the homologous chromosomes, recombination between non-sister . An airplane is made invisible to radar by coating it with a 5.005.005.00-mm-thick layer of an antireflective polymer with the index of refraction n=1.50n=1.50n=1.50. G 2 phase, the cell makes proteins that are needed for meiosis. Consider that all other relevant characteristics are similar between these species. (B) There is no replication of chromosomes between meiosis I and meiosis II. B) immediately after the sperm penetrates the secondary oocyte C. a nonfunctional cell rudiment formed at the same time as an egg cell. answer choices . Identify the correct statement amongst the following: 1. c. a fertilized egg is known as a zygote Explain. C) It produces the proteins that are associated with DNA in chromosomes. E. They orient the egg for penetration by the sperm. Include units in your answer. synapsis occurs during prophase I. What change(s) from regular meiosis (in preparation for fertilization) would be required to produce this system? &\frac{d x_1}{d t}=r_1 x_1\left(1-\frac{x_1}{k_1}-b_1 \frac{x_2}{k_1}\right) \\ C. Cytokinesis does not follow "endomitosis" that results in a tetraploid cell. Crossing over occurs in prophase I of meiosis and metaphase of mitosis. d. all of the choices are true About 90 percent of a cell's time in the normal cell cycle may be spent in interphase. Interkinesis is different from interphase in which way? 8 C. 12 D. 16 E. 24. C) Meiosis occurs only in stem cells while mitosis can occur in any of the body's cells. C. It produces the proteins that are associated with DNA in chromosomes. C. Interphase involves DNA replication and interkinesis does not. There is a species of desert lizard that is entirely female. C. It happens in all tissues except the brain and spinal cord. CLICK HERE FOR ANSWER D) This is probably an asexual organism attempting to mimic sexual reproduction. It should not be necessary to look at a table of actual electronegativity values. False. A. It increases the likelihood that daughter cells contain different genetic material. Which of the following best describes meiosis? a) Homologous chromosomes separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell b) Sister chromatids separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell c) Chromosomes decondense d) Synapsis of homologous chromosomes e) Pairs of homologous chromosomes align along the equatorial plate. . Consider that all other relevant characteristics are similar between these species. In human females, when is meiosis II completed? The correct number of chromosomes in a species is known as aneuploidy. 26 B. E. Homologues interact with the spindle as if they were one chromosome. E. All of the choices are true. the primitive streak occurs in the morula stage of the embryonic development. d. all of the choices are correct species Y should have a better chance of surviving than species X. in human females, when is meiosis 11 completed? C. pangenesis. B) in 23% of cases, the sperm contributes the extra chromosome. Identify which event will occur during prophase I of meiosis but does not occur during prophase of mitosis. A) prophase I b.) Meiosis is further divided into meiosis I and meiosis II. Which of the following events occurs during prophase I but does not occur during prophase of mitosis? Interphase involves DNA replication and interkinesis does not. In meiosis, daughter cells are haploid. This is extra chromosomal material representing the X chromosome in each female cell. The two chromosomes contain the same genes, but may have different forms of the genes. There is one chance in 23 of getting identical sets of chromosomes from one parent , times two because there are two parents ; therefore , two siblings out of 46 will be identical except for the extent of crossing - over . C. Each homologue's centromere splits to form two chromosomes. decrease in LH, increase in progesterone, corpus luteum present, secretory uterine lining, in the human male, the tube used to carry both sperm and urine is the, A functional advantage of having human testes in the scrotum rather than in the abdomen is. A. prophase I B. metaphase II C. anaphase II D. prophase II E. metaphase I, At which stage of meiosis is each chromosome composed of a single chromatid? It could be said that males are able to provide gametes with more genetic diversity than females for reproduction. B. Homologous chromosomes separate and go to different daughter cells. a. growth of the organism and tissue repair E. ovum. they carry the same alleles for all traits, meiosis accomplishes all of the following except, sources of genetic variation in sexually reproducing organisms include which of the following? They undergo "endomitosis" where one extra chromosome replication results in a tetraploid cell before meiosis begins. It could be said that males are able to provide gametes with more genetic diversity than females for reproduction. During which phase of mitosis and meiosis will the state of the chromosome be the same? Sources of genetic variation in a sexually reproducing population include(s) which of the following? Homologous chromosomes are similar in all of these characteristics EXCEPT. 3. A. two haploid gametes fuse to form a diploid cell. The following are the events happen during Meiosis I EXCEPT: A. Synapsis occurs only in meiosis I. Consider that all other relevant characteristics are similar between these species. Females are short with a broad chest and widely spaced nipples. A. B. carry the same alleles for all traits. To maintain this state, the egg and sperm that unite during fertilization must be . A. Homologs fail to separate during meiosis I. d. all of the choices are sources of genetic variation During which stage of grief do people make a promise to change if what was lost can be returned? Identify which event will occur during Prophase I of meiosis but does not occur during prophase of mitosis. A. prophase I B. metaphase II C. anaphase II D. prophase II E. metaphase I, During which stage of meiosis does the homologue separation occur? Sex chromosome aneuploids are better tolerated and have a better chance of producing survivors. D. growth of the overall individual. carry the same alleles for all traits. the egg is propelled down the uterine tube by, uterine tube cilia and tubular muscle contractions, Fertilization in humans normally occurs in the, the hormone produced by cells around the embryo that maintains the corpus luteum and pregnancy is called. c.) the nuclear envelope disappears. During which phase of mitosis and meiosis will the state of the chromosome be the same? Gastrulation is the first major process that occurs during prenatal development. Which of these descriptions is associated with the luteal pahse of the uterine cycle? S phase, the cell undergoes DNA replication. Sketch a graph of the function and the secant line through PPP and QQQ. C. In mitosis, there are two daughter cells. Aneuploidy is a change in the number of chromosomes resulting from nondisjunction during meiosis. In meiosis, the daughter cells are genetically identical. It is the first stage of mitosis. True or False, Prevention of polyspermy depends upon changes in the plasma membrane of the egg and in the zona pellucida B) reduction of chromosome number (from 2n to n). They are caused by nondisjunction, which occurs when pairs of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids fail to separate during meiosis. Species X reproduces asexually by fission and species Y reproduces sexually. Which of the following errors most likely produces this condition? Meiosis I. growth of the overall individual. luteinizing hormone (LH) triggers ovulation in females. During meiosis II, the sister chromatids within the two daughter cells separate, forming four new haploid gametes. All of the following events occur during normal meiosis except _______. In telophase I of meiosis, the following events occur: The spindle fibers continue to move the homologous chromosomes to the poles. In humans, the haploid cells made in meiosis are sperm and eggs. Meiosis occurs during all of the following EXCEPT. If a sperm cell contains 8 chromosomes, it comes from an animal that has ______ chromosomes. Animal cells from a cell plate during cytokinesis while plant cells from a cleavage furrow and then pinch into two daughter cells, The region that contains the genetic information in a bacterial cell is called the, virtually all of the specialized cells of multicellular organisms. D. spermatogenesis. (b) Depression. When the environment changes, then A. species X and Y will have an equal chance of surviving. Extra copies of sex chromosomes are more easily tolerated in humans than extra copies of autosomes. Oogenesis always involves an equal division of cell contents in the formation of an egg and polar bodies. &\frac{d x_2}{d t}=r_2 x_2\left(1-\frac{x_2}{k_2}-b_2 \frac{x_1}{k_2}\right) . A. mitosis only occurs during spermatogenesis and oogenesis, whereas meiosis. C) spermatogenesis. C. The products of the haploid phase of the life cycle are larger than those of the diploid phase. All of the following occur during prometaphase of mitosis in animal cells except: a.) C. providing genetic variation in sexually reproducing organisms. C. pangenesis. The chromosomes that pair up during meiosis, are called _____ chromosomes. Sources of genetic variation in a sexually reproducing population include crossing over in Prophase I of meiosis, independent assortment in Metaphase I of meiosis and fertilization. D) prophase II " During prophase I, homologous chromosomes pair and form synapses, a step unique to meiosis" (The Biology Project, 1997b, para 2). A. If a sperm cell contains 8 chromosomes, it comes from an animal whose regular body cells have ________ chromosomes. b. Meiosis I is known as reductive division, as the cells are reduced from being diploid cells to being haploid cells. A) The haploid phase can be larger than the diploid phase. Which of the following events occurs first during meiosis? In human females, when is meiosis II completed? Which of the following is/are true about sexual reproduction? Inherited disorders can arise when chromosomes behave abnormally during meiosis. e) recombination occurs during meiosis II. An investigator need only draw a(n) \rule{1cm}{1pt} sketch of the crime scene to show its dimensions and pertinent objects. B) independent assortment in metaphase I of meiosis B. The genus Lacerta is composed of a species of lizards that are female and do not mate. down syndrome with ______________________, ____________ results in the mildest symptoms, a small amount of amniotic fluid, which contains fetal tissues, is sampled from the amniotic sac, A tiny tissue sample is taken from the villi of the chorion, Which has a higher miscarriage rate, CVS or amniocentesis, Which test can be done sooner, CVS or amniocentesis, principles of fetal trisomy 21 testing from a maternal blood sample using DNA sequencing, Partial translocations in what disorder allow us to map locations of parts of the disorder. e. only B and C are correct. B) In meiosis, there are four daughter cells. E) the period between meiosis I and meiosis II, During which stage of meiosis are the bivalents arranged along the equator of the spindle? They have the same number of chromosomes in their nucleus. B. Karyokinesis occurs once in mitosis and twice in meiosis. After penetration of the sperm in the zona, the zona reaction occurs, making the zone impermeable to other sperm. 1.Two haploid gametes fuse to form a diploid cell, 2.Homologous chromosomes separate from one another during meiosis I, 3.One diploid cell produces four haploid cells, 4.Sister chromatids separate from one another during meiosis II Why are these differences important for meiosis to occur correctly? can nonreciprocal translocation be balanced, an even exchange of material with no genetic information extra or missing, and ideally full functionality, where the exchange of chromosome material is unequal resulting in extra or missing genes. (2) Nature of self pollination. D) the cell produced when fertilization occurs. Sources of genetic variation in a sexually reproducing population include(s) which of the following? Interkinesis is different from interphase in which way? Males provide more genes in sperm than females provide in eggs. All of the following are true of meiosis, except a) there are two cell divisions. b. independent assortment in metaphase 1 of meiosis Which of the following statements is true about the life cycle of animals? e. neither A, B, or C. All of the above involve mitosis, a nonfunctional cell formed at the same time as an egg cell. B. Primary nondisjunction occurs during meiosis II when the sister chromatids fail to separate and both daughter chromosomes go in the same gamete. Meiosis accomplishes all of the following EXCEPT Determining the number of sperm in the individual If a sperm cell contains 8 chromosomes, it comes from an animal that has ______ chromosomes. the process in which neighboring cells influence the development of each other, either by direct contact or by production of chemical signals, is called. Q. The polar body is . ii. the inclusion of the centromere in the inversion, Which of the following terms can be used to describe Down syndrome? Which of the following accurately describe anaphase I and anaphase II? have the same amount of DNA and the same number of chromosomes as all other cells of the organism and develop from the same basic stem cells. 1. B. oogenesis. which trisomies are the ones that survives to term? C) telophase I D Interkinesis can be variable in length. Oogenesis always involves an equal division of cell contents in the formation of an egg and polar bodies. Find the equilibrium point. What distinguishes paracentric inversions from pericentric inversions? Which statement correctly describes meiosis? Which is NOT true about daughter cells of mitosis or meiosis? A) The gametes are the haploid phase of the animals' life cycle. D. In mitosis, the daughter cells are genetically identical. All of the choices are true about sexual reproduction. Group of answer choices A) twice the number of cells are produced in meiosis than mitosis B) meiosis is involved in the production of gametes, unlike mitosis C) crossing over occurs in meiosis I but not meiosis II or mitosis D) meiosis and mitosis both produce cells that are genetically identical E) in both . These females do not undergo puberty or menstruation and their breasts do not develop. Which statement is not true about homologous chromosomes in meiosis 1? Use Figure 2.192.192.19 to determine which type of electromagnetic wave has this frequency. C. zygote. A) Gametes are the only haploid phase of the human life cycle. D. Meiosis is not a necessary component of the animal life cycle. The two cells produced in meiosis I go through the events of meiosis II in synchrony. A) They are similar in size. It provides extra genetic material for the daughter cells. True or False, sex chromosome aneuploids are better tolerated and have a better chance of producing survivors It is nevertheless necessary for two females to court and for one to assume the posture of a male to stimulate the female to produce eggs. [Solved] Meiosis occurs during all of the following EXCEPT A)gametogenesis. it occurs during oogenesis. D. It increases chromosome condensation. a nonfunctional cell rudiment formed at the same time as an egg cell. It is carried out in all tissues that require cell replacement. C. They orient the sperm toward the egg. Question 12: An elephant gamete has 28 chromosomes in it. Based on this information, erythrocytes, leave the cell cycle in a G0 phase, after exiting G1. A) 26 Before a dividing cell enters mitosis, it undergoes a period of growth called interphase. List five examples of electromagnetic radiation. Describe the main differences between anaphase of mitosis and anaphase I in meiosis. A) gametogenesis. Crossing over occurs more often in the formation of sperm than in eggs. Select all that apply. It is nevertheless necessary for two females to court and for one to assume the posture of a male to stimulate the female to produce eggs. 19. Jacobs Syndrome, XYY, results from nondisjunction during spermatogenesis. During which stage of meiosis are the bivalents arranged along the equator? All of the following are true of meiosis except. Meiosis is a type of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that reduces the number of chromosomes in gametes (the sex cells, or egg and sperm). (a). Is designed to receive only sperm from the same species. Find f(x)f (x)f(x) and V(x, y). B) anaphase I offspring inherit essentially 50% of their genes from each parent, but two sibling offspring may share with each other from zero to 23 chromosomes in common from each parent, and further variation may occur due to crossing-over. A. It is known that both ExE_{x}Ex and V are zero at the origin. body parts being shaped and patterned into a specific form. iv. A. Encircle the letter of your choice. C) During prophase II of meiosis, the homologous chromosomes cross-over; there is no crossing-over during prophase of mitosis. Which statement is true about the life cycle of plants but not of animals? CompetingSpecies\text{\red{Competing Species}}CompetingSpecies A Lotka-Volterra model in which two species compete for the same source of food (as in Exercise 9) can be described by the system of differential equations, dx1dt=r1x1(1x1k1b1x2k1)dx2dt=r2x2(1x2k2b2x1k2).\begin{aligned} E)Neither A,B,or C.All of the above involve mitosis. Which statement is NOT true about homologous chromosomes in meiosis I? During which stage of meiosis does crossing-over occur? Mitosis and meiosis are both types of cell division. A lattice holds the members of a bivalent together in such a way that the DNA, not RNA, of the non-sister chromatids is aligned. False. Which of the following structures is NOT one of the extraembryonic membranes associated with the human embryo? Which statement applies only to plants? D. Tetrads line up and separate into individual homologous chromosomes. which monosomy is the one that survives to term? B. bivalent. Expert solutions for 22. Disorders of chromosome number include the duplication or loss of entire chromosomes, as well as changes in the number of complete sets of chromosomes. the consumption of alcohol during pregnancy is a leading cause of birth defects cells becoming specialized in structure and function, the neural tube of vertebrates develops during morphogensis of the nervous system by the. Which statement is not true about eukaryotic chromosomes? No fertilization can occur, and the eggs develop into female lizards. ; In most cases, cytokinesis (the division of the cytoplasm) occurs at the same time as telophase I.; At the end of telophase I and cytokinesis, two . Aneuploidy is a change in the number of chromosomes resulting from nondisjunction during meiosis. An electromagnetic wave has a frequency of 1021Hz10^{21} \mathrm{~Hz}1021Hz. C. 22. The gametes are the diploid phase of the life cycle. The process includes two chromosome divisions and produces four haploid, n cells. What is the function of polar bodies? Dogs have 39 chromosome pairs. All of the following are true about the chromosomes of a multicellular organism EXCEPT: The correct number of chromosomes in a species is known as aneuploidy. Match the following group of organisms with their respective distinctive characteristics and select the correct option : True or False. Meiosis occurs during all of the following EXCEPT A. gametogenesis. Find the slope of the secant line in part (a), and interpret your answer in terms of an average rate of change over the interval. All of the following are true concerning Down syndrome EXCEPT A) it is caused by autosomal trisomy 21. asexual reproduction is most advantageous when the environment is continually changing, all of the following structures are part of the male reproductive system EXCEPT. iii. At the end of anaphase I, each chromosome is composed of two chromatids and at the end of anaphase II, sister chromatids have separated, becoming daughter chromosomes B. Anaphase I occurs in a haploid cell while anaphase II occurs in a diploid cell. Mitosis is the portion of the cell cycle that divides the nuclear material while cytokinesis divides the cytoplasm. The two cells formed are the secondary oocyte, which receives almost all the cytoplasm and a polar body, which is much smaller. If a cell contains 12 chromosomes at the end of meiosis I, how many chromosomes will the daughter cells contain at the end of meiosis II? What is the probable evolutionary mechanism for this occurring? Meiosis occurs during all of the following EXCEPT A. gametogenesis. Normal female 2n offspring result without fertilization. All of the following are true of meiosis in plants EXCEPT (A) Crossing-over occurs during prophase. Chromosome disorders can be divided . a. crossing over in prophase 1 of meiosis A. Homologous chromosomes pair to form a tetrad. Cri du chat syndrome, Pair the disease with its chromosomal abnormality Just like in mitosis, during prophase, DNA condensation occurs, the nuclear envelope and nucleoli disappear, and the spindle starts to form. Which of the following statements is correct about the chromosomal position during mitosis and meiosis? B. If a cell contains 12 chromosomes at the end of meiosis I, how many chromosomes will the daughter cells contain at the end of meiosis II? d. All the choice are correct. A. crossing over B. nuclear envelope dissolves C. chromatin condenses into chromosomes D. centrioles appear in animal cells, During _______________ the homologous chromosome pairs separate in a random fashion leading to genetic diversity among the offspring. Meiosis occurs during all of the following EXCEPT A) gametogenesis. After meiosis II, each spermatid would have 16 chromosomes. Each homologue's centromere splits to form two chromosomes. D) neither species should have an advantage in surviving since organisms often become extinct when the environment changes. polyploids with chromosomes derived from different species, deletion of a gene for transcription factor active in the central nervous system, What is used to confirm Cri-du-chat syndrome, under developed larynx and severe mental retardation, CF diagnosis in children is usually made how, either because of malabsorption of food leading to failure to thrive or reoccurring respiratory infections, What disease kills more children than any other disorder, Most male CF patients are sterile because, CF patients show a ____________________ insufficiency, the pancreatic insufficiency in CF patients causes what, food to be poorly absorbed because the pancreatic enzymes fail to reach the intestines, a drug that increases the movement of CTFR to the cell surface or ivacaftor, for a specific mutation it alters protein folding, where a diploid organism has only a single functional copy of a gene and the single functional copy of the gene does not produce enough gene product to bring about a wild-type condition, p is the _______________ arm on a chromosome, q is the _______________ arm on a chromosome, # chromosomes, sex chromosomes, autosomal abnormality, t/f: Down syndrome is the most common chromosomal abnormality, the major gene impacting downs syndrome is on, meiotic non disjunction leading to trisomy 21 C)spermatogenesis. b. the cell may enter the G2 stage The haploid cells are genetically different from each other due to crossing over in Prophase I and independent assortment in Anaphase I. it is subdivided into meiosis I and meiosis II. B) oogenesis. cells divide only once. D) Chromatin will condense into chromosomes. What is the wavelength of radar waves for which the plane is made invisible? E) Neither A, B, or C. All of the above involve mitosis. ; Once movement is complete, each pole has a haploid number of chromosomes. D. They allow a reduction in chromosomes while preserving most of the cytoplasm for one egg.